Day22_Bootstrap-Nav Bars

第 12 屆 iThome 鐵人賽

DAY 22

Modern Web

前端網頁設計學習旅程系列第 22 篇

12th鐵人賽

髮量稀疏的中年大叔

2020-10-04 22:46:54

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Nav Bars

導覽列以 HTML5 的 nav 元素為主角，通常放在網頁的最上方，如下面的 HTML5 結構圖所示

練習

首先，先做一個常見的Nav Bar樣式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Bootstrap Navbars</title>
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css">

</head>
<body>
	<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
		<div class="container">
			<div class="navbar-header">

				<a href="#" class="navbar-brand">Koffee</a>
			</div>
			<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-nav-demo">
				<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
					<li><a href="#">About</a></li>
					<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
				</ul>
				<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
					<li><a href="#">Sign Up</a></li>
					<li><a href="#">Login</a></li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		</div>
	</nav>


<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

在一般大小的螢幕看起來沒什麼問題，左邊的兩層式結構
以及右邊的登入及註冊，都可以正常顯示

但只要把螢幕變窄，就會發現選單被遮到了

為了解決這個問題，Bootstrap提供了漢堡選單的做法

 <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-nav-demo" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>

加入上述語法，當螢幕變窄後，就會出現漢堡選單

下拉選單

接著，嘗試在 Nav Bar 加入下拉選單

<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</button>

Form

也可以試著在 Nav Bar 加入表單(Form)

<form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>

Exercise

最後，可以試試看把上面學的組合起來
做到有階層式的Nav Bar，並且可以適應螢幕大小

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title>Bootstrap Navbars</title>
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css">

</head>
<body>
	<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
		<div class="container">
			<div class="navbar-header">
				 <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-nav-demo" aria-expanded="false">
	        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
	        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
	        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
	        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
	      </button>
				<a href="#" class="navbar-brand">Koffee</a>
			</div>
			<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-nav-demo">
				<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
					<li><a href="#">About</a></li>
					<li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
				</ul>
				<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
					<li><a href="#">Sign Up</a></li>
					<li><a href="#">Login</a></li>
				</ul>
			</div>
		</div>
	</nav>

<!-- DEFAULT NAVBAR -->

	<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
    <div class="navbar-header">
      <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
        <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
        <span class="icon-bar"></span>
      </button>
      <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
    </div>

    <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
      <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
        <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
        <li class="dropdown">
          <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
      <form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search">
        <div class="form-group">
          <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
        </div>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
      </form>
      <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
        <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
        <li class="dropdown">
          <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
  </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>

<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>